20世纪初期佛教慈善的个案研究:以北平龙泉孤儿院为例

A Case Study of Buddhism Charities in the Early 20th Century:Taking Peking Longquan Orphanage as an Example

光绪三十二年(1906),北京龙泉寺以寺庙房地产作基金,创办龙泉孤儿院,收养12岁以下孤儿,予以抚养、教育、就业,这是国内宗教界在北京创办的第一所儿童慈善机构。20世纪初的中国内忧外患交织、天灾人祸纷至,社会局势动荡不安、贫困日益恶化的厄运并没有放过作为首善之地的北京,龙泉孤儿院就是在这种境况中"应运而生"的。本文以相关相关档案资料为着手点,分析龙泉孤儿院的创办缘起及历史沿革,进而了解孤儿院的组织运作、财务管理、孤儿管理等方面的情况,以求重现北平龙泉孤儿院的历史风貌,总结其独特的慈善活动经验。

Longquan orphanage is the first children's charity in Peking founded by domestic religious group in 1906. With real estate as the fund,Peking Longquan temple established this orphanage to adopt orphans under 12,raise them up,give them education as well as support their jobs. In the early 20 th century,China was full of problems both at home and abroad,natural and man- made disasters followed closely as well. Even Peking,the national capital,had not escaped from the misfortune of the turbulent social situation and the deteriorative poverty. Then Longquan orphanage came accordingly on such occasion. In order to reproduce the historical appearances of Beiping Longquan orphanage and summarize their unique experience of charity activities,this article analyzes the origin and the historical evolution of Longquan orphanage with relevant archives as a starting point,to know about situations like the organizational functioning,financial management and orphan's management within this orphanage.