民国时期的回族行店与地方社会——以甘肃张家川为例

The Combination of Hui Warehouse and Local Society during the Period of Republic of China——A Study on Many Cases in Zhangjiachuan, Gansu Province

行店是一种通过为买卖双方撮合生意而抽取一定行佣的中介组织,但是在民国时期,张家川回族行店的功能不止于此,在更深层次上而言,它还涉入地方社会的其他方面。依恃包税和抽佣等特权,行店潜入地方经济,垄断行业贸易,获利颇多。凭借雄厚的经济实力,行店同时把触角涉入地方宗教和教育领域。这具体表现为,行店主不仅以资助教务、参与朝觐等方式,直接或间接地推动着地方宗教的发展,同时还通过捐资办校、以身示范等举动,积极地加入到发展地方教育事业的行列中。

The Hui Warehouseis an intermediary organization which extracts a certain amount of commission by matchingbusiness between buyers and sellers. However,during the Period of Republic of China,the effect of Hui Warehouse inZhangjiachuan was not just limited to economic field,but also on many aspects of the local society. Relying on the privilegeof tax and commission,the Hui Warehouse sneaked into the local economy,monopolized industry trade,and consequentlythey profited a lot from that. What's more,the Hui Warehouse extended its effect to local religion and education,whichincluded funding religious affairs,participating Hajj,funding local schools,and so on.