明代前期对“元曲四大家”的评选——曲论的形成及特点

The selection of “four great dramatists” in early Ming dynasty——The development and feature of opera theory

"元曲四大家"作为元曲最高成就的典范与标志,它的建构与形成经历了漫长的历史过程。客观还原"元曲四大家"在明初的渊源流变,能够更加明确地了解其发展过程。通过回归历史,考察、辨析不同评论者的曲学观念,可以看出此期的曲学思潮走向与"诗词"理论分离的趋势,并逐步向"戏曲"理论靠拢。以此为突破口,可以重新定位戏曲理论的萌芽期为明初,而非元代。

'The four great dramatists'is a representative and sign of the highest opera achievements. The term's develop-ment and formation went through a long historical process. In the way that restoration the history of'The four great drama-tists'in early Ming dynasty,we can know the process more clearly. Then research the opera viewpoint of different criticsthrough the history context,this work contribute to explore the opera theory of early Ming dynasty,and draw the change ofopera ideological trend. From this account,we can draw a new conclusion that the embryo stage of opera theory is earlyMing dynasty,but not Yuan dynasty.