抚仙湖局部湖湾水体富营养化条件下湿地不同植被的合理优化选择

Reasonable Selecting of Fuxian Lake Bay Water Rich Local Vegetation Nutrition Condition of Wetland

我国大部分湖泊水体存在富营养化问题,引发水体发生富营养化情况的主要原因为氮磷元素超标。由于河口湿地具备强净化能力,文中以抚仙湖局部湖湾水体富营养化为背景条件,提出对不同湿地植物优化选择并合理配置以削减湖水富营养化程度。先选择4种湿地植物,分别为芦苇、子午莲、黄菖蒲和麦冬作为研究对象,利用野外氮、磷控制实验研究并分析以上4种湿地植物的吸收氮、磷能力和去除土壤中氮、磷元素的能力。实验结果显示:不同湿地植物其植株生物量存在较大差别,变化值范围为11.95120.43g·m-2,其中黄菖蒲植株生物量最高,麦冬植株生物量最低;不同植物对氮、磷吸收比例和去除土壤氮、磷元素的效果也存在较大差异。基于上述实验数据结果可获知,根据不同植物净化功能的优劣对不同湿地植物进行合理优化配置,以最大化地削减入湖水的氮、磷元素。

Most lakes in our country have eutrophication problems,and the main cause of eutrophication is nitrogen and phosphorus elements exceeding standard. Because the estuarine wetland with strong purification ability,the local Lake Fuxian Lake Eutrophication as background conditions,the different wetland plants selection and reasonable allocation to reduce water eutrophication level. The first 4 kinds of wetland plants,respectively,and Huang Changpu reed,Lotus japonicus as the research object,using the field of nitrogen and phosphorus control experimental study and analysis of the above 4 kinds of wetland plants of nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity and removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil capacity. The experimental results show that there is a big difference in different wetland plants plant biomass,change range of 11. 95 120. 43 g and m-2,the biomass of irispseudacorus highest plant biomass of different plants on the lowest root; absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the proportion of soil nitrogen and phosphorus had different effect. Based on the above experimental data,we can know how to optimize the allocation of different wetland plants according to the advantages of different plant purification functions so as to maximize the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water.