钱塘江沿岸部分污水处理厂出水中的SVOCs组成和特征分析

Analysis of SVOCs Composition and Characteristics of Some Sewage Treatment Plants Effluent of the Qiantang River

调查研究钱塘江流域杭州段污水处理厂出水中半挥发性有机污染物(SVOCs)的含量水平和组成特征。根据污水处理厂类型、纳污水质以及区域分布等选取杭州市10个典型污水处理厂为研究对象,于2014年11月和2015年5月分两次采集各样点的进、出水水样,采用GC-MS定性、定量的方法检测SVOCs。结果表明,定量分析的24种SVOCs在所有样点出水中均未检出;定性检测结果则从4个城市生活污水处理厂进、出水各检出2种、3种,无共同特征污染物,从6个工业污水处理厂中进、出水中分别检出84种、18种,其中出水中有13种污染物未在进水中检出,检出情况与季节、进水水质有关;造纸尾水中的特征污染物主要是2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇,邻苯二甲酸酯类。研究结果表明工业污水含有较多的SVOCs,污水处理过程具有较好的消减能力,但仍排放一定种类污染物,其中一部分是新形成的污染物,达标排放的出水中含有的微量有机污染应引起关注。

The levels and composition characteristics of semi-volatile organic chemicals(SVOCs) of effluents from the sewage treatment plants of the Qiantang river were investigated. Ten typical sewage treatment plants were selected depending on the type of sewage treatment plants,effluent quality and regional distribution,and the qualitative and quantitative detection of SVOCs were performed by GC-MS methods from the inlet and outlet of the water samples in November 2014 and May 2015. The results showed that the quantitative analysis of 24 kinds of SVOCs points inoutlet water were not detected in all samples,qualitative detection results indicated that two and three kinds of chemicals were detected from four urban sewage treatment plants and there were no common chemical features of pollutants detected.There were 84 and 18 kinds of chemicals detected from inlet and outlet waters,respectively,and 13 chemicals were detected in outlet water while there were not presented in inlet water,which mean thatthe detection results were correlated with the season time and water quality. 4,7,9,2-methyl-5-decine-4,7-diol and phthalic acid esters were two typical chemicals detected in paper producing plants. All the results showed that the industrial wastewater containing more SVOCs and the sewage treatment processes showed good cutting ability of SVOCs, but there are still a certain kinds of pollutants emissions including some new formed pollutants. The trace organic pollutants discharged within the standards should be concerned.