高原地理信息的GIS实时自动定位系统设计

Design of GIS Real Time Automatic Positioning System for Plateau Geographic Information

地理形态即地球表面起伏状态情况,通过地理形态信息对地面形态及起伏状态特征进行描述。为有效表述高原地理特征,文中提出以地理形态信息为基础,设计GIS实时自动定位系统,实现准确描述地理特征的目的。运用栅格形式DEM描述地理形态信息,可获取间接信息与直接信息,以上述信息为基础,对地形信息容量进行量化,将坡度、坡向、坡度变化率(SOS)及坡向变化率(SOA)当作地形信息容量量化主要指标,使SOS垂直面特征信息与SOA水平面特征信息融合,获得具体地形信息容量(TIP)。在GIS环境下,运用多点可视性分析模型及总视野分析模型,将目标对象限定于某区间范围内,形成对应映射关系,再结合全局整体地形信息,表征具备地形特征的待定位对象位置,进而实现GIS自动定位系统设计过程。实验证明,利用文中GIS定位系统可有效体现高原地理信息特征。

The geographical form,namely,the undulating state of the earth’s surface,describes the shape and fluctuation characteristics of the terrain by means of morphological information. In order to express the geographical features of plateau effectively,this paper puts forward the design of GIS real time automatic positioning system based on geographic information,which can accurately describe the geographical features. Using the grid form DEM description geography information,access to information and direct indirect information on the basis of information,to quantify the topographic information capacity,the slope,the slope and the slope change rate( SOS) and the slope change rate( SOA) as the main index to quantify the topographic information capacity,the SOS vertical surface features information and SOA level information fusion,obtain specific topographic information capacity( TIP). In the GIS environment,using multi point visibility analysis model and field analysis model,the target object is limited to a range,forming the corresponding mapping relationship,combined with the overall terrain information,with the characterization of topographical features of the object can be located position,so as to realize the automatic GIS positioning system design process. Experiments show that the GIS positioning system can effectively reflect the geographical information characteristics of the plateau.