基于无线传感器的厦门市内细微大气颗粒物浓度检测研究

Detection of Particle Concentration in Fine Atmosphere in Xiamen City Based on Wireless Sensor

社会经济不断发展进步,环保问题已成为社会关注度最高问题之一,空气质量监测是城市环境研究热点课题。文中提出以无线传感器技术为基础,对厦门市内细微大气颗粒物浓度进行监测分析。为有效检测大气颗粒物浓度,选定2016年2月-2017年2月作为实验阶段,运用无线传感器技术采集厦门市内不同站点大气颗粒物PM2.5样本300份,利用消解法和连续提取法对颗粒物样品进行分析,通过检测分析测定颗粒物中主要包含以下锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、钒(V)等8种重金属元素质量浓度,并分子金属元素化学形态。结果显示:实验期间厦门市内PM2.5颗粒物中金属元素总浓度占总比例6.8%～12.5%,重金属质量浓度变化特征与PM2.5浓度变化相一致。运用富集因子分析研究颗粒物中重金属元素来源,结果表明:主要来源为机动车排放、工业污染物排放及船舶排放等。

With the continuous development and progress of social economy, environmental protection has become one of the most important issues of social concern. Air quality monitoring is a hot topic in urban environment research. In this paper, based on wireless sensor technology, the concentration of fine particulate matter in Xiamen is monitored and analyzed. In order to test the concentration of atmospheric particulate, selected February 2016-2017 year in February as the experimental stage, the use of wireless sensor technology acquisition in Xiamen different sites of atmospheric particles PM2.5 in 300 samples, using digestion and sequential extraction of particulate samples were analyzed through the analysis of determination of particulate matter(Zn) consists of zinc and copper(Cu), manganese(Mn), iron(Fe) and vanadium(V) and other 8 kinds of heavy metal elements concentration, molecular and chemical speciation of metal elements. The results showed that during the experiment, the total concentration of metal elements in Xiamen PM2.5 particulates accounted for 6.8%～12.5%, and the variation of heavy metal mass concentration was consistent with the change of PM2.5 concentration. The sources of heavy metals in particulate matter were analyzed by enrichment factor analysis. The results showed that the main sources were vehicle emissions, industrial pollutant emissions and ship emissions.