基于层次分析法的危旧房屋安全分析评价体系构建——以杭州市危旧房屋结构安全分级为例

Design the Safety Classification Evaluation System of the Old Housing Based on AHP

20世纪70、80年代初期建造的多层房屋因资金短缺、制度缺失,导致设计标准低,建造施工质量差,加上使用不当等原因使得建筑的安全系数逐年降低。在查阅已有研究成果的基础上,以合理有效的建立危旧房屋结构安全性分级评价体系为研究对象,从多个角度出发,对影响到杭州市危旧房屋结构安全性的各因素进行分析,构建了以"建筑本体因素"、"人为因素"、"环境影响因素"为主要分类的四级杭州市危旧房屋结构安全性评价因子集合。通过层次分析法及专家评分法,得出了各因子的权重配比,再以杭州市某多层危旧房屋为例,将专家对其评分数据进行数理计算,确定建筑的安全性等级,以验证该评价方法的可行性。

At the beginning of 70 s and 80 s in 20 th, due to the shortage of funds and the incomplete institution,it led to the design of low standard, poor quality of construction, and improper use,which made the safety of old multi-storey building reduce year by year.On the basis of the existing research, this paper establishes a reasonable and effective method of the old housing safety classification evaluation system. It analyses the structural safety factors of the old houses in Hangzhou in the varied views. Based on AHP it establishes the four grades of the old housing structure safety evaluation in Hangzhou city constructing of three factors including the building body,human factors and environmental factors.Through the expert scoring method,it concludes the weights of each factor.At the end taking a multi-storey old house as an example, it calculates the data of the experts score and then determine the building safety. The feasibility of the evaluation method has been verified.