沙化土壤施用羊粪生物质炭及堆肥的养分渗流特征

The Nutrients Leaching Characteristics of Desertification Soil by the Application of Sheep Droppings Biochar and Fertilizer

通过室内模拟试验研究了施用羊粪生物质炭和堆肥对沙化土壤性质以及养分淋溶变化的影响。结果表明,施用羊粪生物质炭和堆肥能够显著增加土壤p H、有机质含量、土壤总氮、碱解氮、硝态氮和铵态氮含量。在试验的初始阶段,土壤中铵态氮含量明显增加而硝态氮变化不大;随着试验的进行,铵态氮含量逐渐降低,硝态氮含量逐渐升高。此外,施用羊粪生物质炭和堆肥可以提高土壤总磷和有效磷的含量,同时,还可以促进土壤有效磷的产生。对比而言,当只施加羊粪堆肥时,改良效果最为显著。总之,施用生物质炭和堆肥可有效地改善土壤性质和增加土壤肥力,并抑制养分的淋溶,对沙化土壤治理效果较为理想。

In this article,the effects of biochar and composting derived from sheep dung on soil properties and nutrient leaching in a desertified soil were studied by an indoor simulation experiment.The results showed that the application of dung biochar and composting can significantly increase the soil pH,organic matter content,soil total nitrogen,alkali solution nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content.At the early stage,ammonium nitrogen content in soil increased while no significant change of nitrate nitrogen content was observed;Thereafter the ammonium nitrogen content decreased gradually while nitrate content increased.In addition,the application of dung biochar and compost can improve the content of soil total phosphorus and available phosphorus in soil.When only manure manure is applied,the best effects of improving soil fertility and nutrients were achieved.In conclusion,the amendment of dung biochar and composting seems to be a promising approach to remediate the dissertified soil since they are not only able to improve the soil properties and increase soil fertility,but also inhibit the downward leaching of nutrients in soil.