中日拒绝表达言语行为对比研究述评

A Review of Comparative Studies on Speech Acts to Express Refusal in Chinese and Japanese

在语言交际过程中,拒绝表达的使用起着十分重要的作用。为便于中日两国交流的顺利开展,减少因语言和文化因素产生的表达方式的不同所带来的负面影响,了解和辨明中日拒绝表达方式的异同显得尤为迫切。在策略组合模式上,日本人习惯将"先行致歉"与"直接拒绝"、"理由说明"配合使用,属于典型的消极礼貌策略。而中国人在消极被动与积极主动的礼貌原则的共同驱使下,产生了形式多样的拒绝策略组合。本文通过对前人理论进行梳理,对中日拒绝言语行为的异同进行总结、归纳,明确中日两国语言特征;全面系统地认识中日拒绝表达言语行为对比研究的发展方向。

In language communication, the expression of refusal plays a vital role. To facilitate China-Japan communication and reduce the negative influence resulted from the differences in expression styles caused by language and culture factors, it is imperative to learn about the similarities and dissimilarities of refusal expressions in Chinese and Japanese. Through a summary on previous theories, this paper summarizes the similarities and dissimilarities of refusal expressions in Chinese and Japanese, makes clear the language features of Chinese and Japanese, in order to obtain an overall and systematic knowledge about the development direction of comparative studies on speech acts to express refusal in Chinese and Japanese.