审判团队模式:我国民事执行权配置的困境与出路

Trial Team Mode:The Predicament Dilemma and the Outlet of the Disposition of Civil Execution Power in China

我国民事执行权配置经历了从"审执合一"到"审执分离"的发展过程,但现有"审执分离"模式下,我国执行权配置模式正面临公正和效率双重困境的考验。审判团队作为将"扁平化管理论"引入法院管理领域的直接体现,其在弱化审判权运行的行政化方面发挥着重要作用,同时能够保证法官行使真正的裁判权,有利于以争点整理引领的集中审理制度在我国的建立,从而实现案件质量和效率的双重提升。审判团队模式下有限"审执合一"理念符合审判团队的制度要求,其能够克服当前执行面临的效率和公正困境。在有限"审执合一"回归审判团队的制度理念下,审判团队模式宜选择"1+N+N"的组合模式;在审判团队模式下,法官的具体事务应界定为案件管理和人员调配两方面,主审法官决定组合的人员构成;法官助理除被赋予案件准备工作外,还应被赋予部分执行权。

The allocation of civil execution right in China has experienced a development process from'the combination of adjudication and enforcement'to'the separation of adjudication and enforcement'.In the existing mode of'the separation of adjudication and enforcement',however,the executive power allocation mode in China is facing the test of the dual predicament of justice and efficiency because of external and internal factors.As a direct embodiment of the introduction of'Flat Management Theory'into the field of court management,the trial team plays an important role in weakening the administration of the operation of the jurisdiction,and at the same time can ensure that the judges exercise jurisdiction justly,which is conducive to the establishment of the centralized trial system led by the competition point collation in China,so as to promote the quality and efficiency of cases in the process of judicial practice.Under the mode of trial team,the limited concept of'combination of trial and execution'conforms to the system requirements of trial team,which can overcome the efficiency and justice predicament faced by the current execution.With the system idea that the limited'combination of trial and execution'should regress to trial team,the trial team mode should choose the integrated mode of'1+N+N'.In the mode of trial team,the specific affairs of the judge should be defined as the case management and personnel deployment.In addition to the preparation of the case,the assistant judge should be given some executive power.