鳔器官的发育对人工培育鱼苗的影响

Influence of abnormal development of swimbladder on the larvae rearing of marine fish

论述了鳔器官的发育对海水鱼类人工培育苗种的影响。仔鱼期鳔的形成和充气是影响闭鳔海水鱼类人工育苗成效的重要因素之一。鳔发育异常一是导致仔稚鱼死亡 ,二是导致脊柱前凸。在人工养殖条件下 ,影响海洋闭鳔鱼类鳔器官充气的因子有营养因子和环境因子。充气量、水表面的油膜、温度、盐度和光照等环境因子影响仔鱼到水表面吞饮空气 ,影响鳔的充气率。仔鱼摄食EPA和DHA含量低的饵料后 ,活力差 ,仔鱼到达水表面吞饮空气的能力下降 ,鳔的开腔率降低。

The paper deals with the role of swimbladder in the larvae rearing of marine fish. It is important that whether or not the swimbladder can develop and inflate normally in the larval stage during the rearing period. There are two aspects that the abnormal development of swimbladder influences the growth and development of marine fish larvae. One is that it can cause high mortality,the other is that it can cause lordosis. The inflation of swim bladder can be influenced by nutritional and environmental factors mainly. The environmental factors such as quantity of aeration, oil film of water surface, temperature, salinity, illumination and so on, have the effects on the larvae to gulp air from water surface. Thus the inflation of swimbladder is influenced. When the larvae are fed by the diets, which contain low EPA and DHA, they will have the poor ability of swimming. This will inhibit them from gulping air from the water surface so that the inflation of swimbladder is low. In addition, the content of thyroxine in larvae may has the effect on the inflation of swimbladder.