儿童牙列缺损的可摘式修复治疗

The clinic research on removable prosthodontical treatment of children's dentition defect

目的研究儿童时期牙列缺损的间隙保持和义齿修复。方法选择12例因颌骨肿瘤及外伤等造成的牙列缺损患儿,分别制作与使用与该阶段特点相适应的可摘式功能性间隙保持器行使义齿功能,并长期跟踪观察研究,通过X线片和临床检查进行分析评价。结果 12例牙列缺损患儿分别经过约5~12年的间隙保持及修复,顺利到达恒牙期第二恒磨牙完全萌出完成咬合接触,有效地保持了缺牙区的近远中距离和垂直距离。所有保存下来的恒牙胚均正常发育萌出到位,位置正常,颌骨发育正常。结论儿童期的牙列缺损的修复必须按照该时期颌骨和牙齿生长发育的特点进行序列修复。

Objective To study how to retain space and restore dentures for children with dentition defect. Methods 12 children patients with dentition defect having suffered from tumor or trauma of the jaws were involved. The removable functional space maintainers appropriate to characteristics of the age spectrum were customized and used for them to exercise the function of denture. Then a longterm observation followed. The results were evaluated through radiographs and clinical examination. Results After 5-12 years of space retaining and prosthodontical treatment,all the 12 children patients successfully developed to permanent dentition in the wake of complete eruption and occlusal contact of the 2nd permanent molar. The mesiodistal length and vertical height of the edentulous area were maintained effectively. Also,the total surviving permanent tooth germs normally developed to eruption place along with the regular development of jawbones. Conclusions The restoration of dentition defect in Childhood period should be made on the basis of developmental characteristics of the jawbones and teeth in this childhood stage.