小分子化合物在骨缺损修复中对成骨分化的调控

Regulation of small molecules on osteogenesis in bone defect repair

骨缺损一直是口腔颌面部修复、口腔种植修复面临的一大难题。一类特殊的小分子化合物因其小分子量能够进入细胞膜调控细胞功能活动,因其更高的稳定性、无免疫原性、能诱导细胞成骨向分化、促进骨质生成、提高骨质矿化而受到了众多学者的关注。目前phenamil、他汀类化合物、2,6,9-三元取代嘌呤、羟固醇、环磷酸腺苷类似物和褪黑素已被众多研究者证实具有成骨诱导能力,他们各自通过不同的成骨信号通路调控细胞成骨分化,提高成骨基因的表达,促进骨质形成、矿化。本论文拟就目前研究较多的具有促进细胞成骨分化能力的小分子化合物种类、作用及机制作一综述。

Bone loss is always a quite difficult problem in prosthodontics and oral implantology.A special group of small osteoinductive molecules were found to guide osteogenic differentiation,promote bone formation and mineralization.Owing to their small sizes that are capable of regulating cell functions,higher stability and non-immunogenicity,small osteoinductive molecules have gained lots of attention.At present,phenamil,statins,purmorphamine,cAMP analogues,oxysterols and melatonin have been proved to have ability to control osteogenesis through various osteogenic signaling pathways,increase the osteogenic gene expression,promote bone formation and mineralization.This paper will review the types,functions and mechanisms of these small osteoinductive molecules.