角化黏膜宽度对后牙区种植体健康的影响

Effect of keratinized mucosa width on peri-implant health in posterior region

在后牙牙齿缺失后,牙槽骨吸收导致的角化黏膜不足是种植修复过程中经常面临的问题。角化黏膜是种植体周围组织抵御外界刺激的第一道屏障,研究表明角化黏膜不足的患者患种植体周围组织疾病的风险增加,常需行软组织增量手术恢复角化黏膜的宽度来维持种植体的长期稳定性。然而,软组织增量手术可以在多大程度上降低种植体周围组织疾病的患病风险目前尚不清楚。因此,对于角化黏膜不足的患者是否有必要行软组织增量手术成为学者们争论的热点。该文将对种植体周围角化黏膜对种植修复的影响及相关软组织增量方法作一简要综述。

After the loss of the posterior teeth,the absorption of alveolar bone leads to insufficient keratinized mucosa(KM),which is a problem often encountered in the process of dental implantation.The KM acts as the first barrier against external stimuli around the implant.Studies have shown that patients with insufficient KM have an increased risk of peri-implant diseases,often requiring soft tissue augmentation procedures to increase the width of the KM to maintain long-term stability of the implant.However,the extent to which soft-tissue augmentation procedures can reduce the risk of peri-implant diseases remains unclear.Therefore,it is a hot debate among scholars whether it is necessary to perform soft tissue augmentation procedures patients with insufficient KM.This article will briefly review the effects of peri-implant KM on implant restoration and related methods of soft tissue augmentation.