种植牙患者近远期修复并发症的研究分析及危险因素探讨

Study and analysis of near and long term repair complications and risk factors of dental implant patients

目的:研究种植牙患者近远期修复并发症情况并对其危险因素进行探讨分析。方法:将自2012年2月开始直至2017年2月,于我院接受种植牙治疗的患者400例记作观察对象。将所有患者按照种植牙后是否发生近远期修复并发症分为修复并发症组98例以及无修复并发症组302例。分别对比两组在种植牙手术前接受检查方式,种植体长度、种植体直径、骨增量手术情况,修复体材料,螺丝固位及粘接固位,桥体或单冠修复等方面的差异。并作多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:修复并发症组与无修复并发症组在种植牙手术前接受牙齿全景片检查人数占比方面对比,前者更高;修复并发症组与无修复并发症组在种植牙手术前接受螺旋CT检查人数占比方面对比,前者更低(均P<0.05)。修复并发症组种植体长度<10mm、种植体直径<3.5mm、未接受骨增量手术治疗、修复体材料为全瓷冠、螺丝固位、桥体修复患者人数占比分别相比无修复并发症组较高(均P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析可得:螺旋CT检查、种植体长度<10mm、种植体直径<3.5mm、未接受骨增量手术治疗、全瓷冠、螺丝固位、桥体修复均是种植牙患者近远期修复并发症的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论:螺旋CT检查、种植体长度<10mm、种植体直径<3.5mm、未接受骨增量手术治疗以及全瓷冠、螺丝固位、桥体修复均可增加种植牙患者近远期修复并发症发生风险。临床工作中应针对上述因素制定相关干预措施,从而达到降低近远期修复并发症发生概率的目的。

Objective:To study the short-term and long-term repair complications of dental implant patients and analyze the risk factors.Methods:From February 2012 to February 2017,400 patients receiving dental implant treatment in our hospital were recorded as the objects of observation.All patients were divided into the repair complication group(98 cases)and the non repair complication group(302 cases)according to whether there were near and long-term repair complications after implantation.The two groups were compared in the methods of examination before implant surgery,implant length,implant diameter,bone augmentation and other aspects,estoration materials,screw retainer and bonding retainer,bridge or single crown restoration.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed.Results:The proportion of patients in the repair complication group who received panoramic dental examination before implantation surgery was higher than the non repair complication group.Compared with the non repair complication group,the proportion of patients in the repair complication group receiving spiral CT examination before implant surgery was lower(all P<0.05).The implant length<10 mm,implant diameter<3.5 mm in the repair complication group,the bone increment surgery was not accepted,the prosthesis materials were all-ceramic crowns,screw retention,and the number of patients with bridge repair were higher than those in the non repair complication group,respectively(all P<0.05).The multifactor Logistic regression analysis available:spiral CT examination,the length of the implant<10 mm,implant diameter<3.5 mm,not incremental bone surgery treatment were independent risk factors for patients with dental implants short-term and long-term repair complications,short-term,long-term repair complications all porcelain crown,screw retention,bridge repair in patients with protection factor(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Spiral CT examination,implant length<10 mm,implant diameter<3.5 mm,no incremental bone surgery can increase the risk of short-term,long-term repair complications all porcelain crown,screw retention,bridge repair in patients with dental implants.Relevant intervention measures should be formulated according to the above factors in clinical work,so as to reduce the probability of short-term and long-term repair complications.