环境视角与战略适应

Environmental Perspectives and Strategic Fit

战略与环境的适应性是战略管理理论与实践面临的一个重要挑战。然而,由于环境视角不同,产生了不同的战略适应逻辑。客观的环境视角认为,战略与环境的适应性取决于决策者对客观的环境进行的准确的和理性的分析;感知的环境视角则主张主观感知的环境决定战略的适应性;而塑造的环境视角则强调战略决策者的选择和行动在改变环境中所起的积极作用。由于三种视角相互依赖,共同决定战略与环境的适应性,因此整合的环境视角是成功战略决策的关键。

The fit between strategy and environment has been a criticalchallenge in strategic management theory and practice. However, differentenvironment perspectives led to different strategic fit logics. The objectiveperspective thinks that the fit between strategy and environment depends ona precise and rational analysis of the objective environment. Perceptiveperspective insists that perception of enviornment effects strategic fit. Whileenacted perspective stresses that the decision-makers choice and action playa decisive role in altering environment. Due to these three perspetives dependon each other, they decide the fitness between strategy and environmenttogether, so an integrative perspective is decisive to successful strategy-formation.