黄河上游地区地质灾害分布规律与区划

Distribution Regularity and Regionalization of Geological Hazards in the Upper Yellow River Valley

黄河上游地区是中国地质灾害特别发育的地区之一。主要地质灾害有 :地震、崩塌、滑坡、泥石流以及水土流失、土地沙漠化、土地盐碱化、黄土湿陷、融冻等 ,除了直接威胁人民生命财产安全和各种工程设施安全外 ,还严重破坏国土资源和生态环境 ,是阻碍西部大开发和可持续发展的重要因素。受地质、地貌以及气候等条件控制 ,各地区地质灾害发育情况有很大差异 ,可划分为 3个地质灾害类型区 :以土地沙漠化、盐碱化和地震为主的北部区 ;以地震、崩滑流和水土流失灾害为主的中部区和以融冻为主的西南部及西北部区 ,3个灾害区又可进一步划分为

The region of the upper Yellow River valley is one of the areas in China where geological hazards frequently occur. The geo logical hazards mainly include earthquake,collapse,landslide,mud rock flows and soil erosion, land desertification,soil salinization, moisture sedimentation of clay and freezing melt. They not only threat the safety of people's life and all kinds of engineering but also destroy the land resources and ecological environment. They are adverse factors affecting the great exploitation and continuous deve lopment of western China. Geological hazards are different from area to area because they are controlled by such factors as geology, landform and climate. Three typical regions of geological hazards can be recognized: the northern region where there mainly exist soil desertification, soil saliniztion and earthquake; the middle region where earthquake collapse, landslide, mud rock flows and soil erosion are mainly seen; the southwestern and northwestern region where freezing melt is predominant.These regions can be further divided into 13 subregions.