霍布斯的经验论心理美学思想

On Hobbes' Psychological Aesthetics of Empiricism

霍布斯继承和发展了培根的唯物主义经验论,并紧密结合心理学的传统和成果,对英国经验论心理美学的形成起了开拓作用。他分析了想象和判断两种认识能力的区别和联系,强调诗的创作更重于想象力,并且需借助判断力。同时他从人的两种最基本情欲出发,指出美丑与善恶的联系和区别,并对与审美相关的愉快、笑、怜悯等情感作了独特分析,对后来从情感、情欲出发探讨美学问题产生了深远影响。

Hobbes inherited and developed Bacon's materialistic empiricism and also,in close combination with the tradition and achievements of psychology,plays a pioneering ro le in forming Britain's psychologic al aes-thetics of empiricism.He analyzes t he differences and linkage between t he two cognitive abilities,i.e.ima gination and judgment,emphasizes that creation of poetry attaches more importan ce to imagination while drawing support from judgment.At the same time,Hobb es,proceeding from human beings' tw o basic carnal desires,points out th e linkage and differences between bea uty and ugliness and between good and evil and makes a unique analysis of pleasure,smiling and sympathy rela ted to appreciation of beauty.Hobbes' aesthetic ideas exerts a far -reaching influence on the researches of beaut y on the basis of emotion and lust.