基于28SrRNA D2序列的内茧蜂亚科的分子系统发育(英文)

A molecular phylogeny of the subfamily Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on the D2 variable region of 28S ribosomal RNA

首次利用同源 2 8SrRNAD2基因序列对内茧蜂亚科Rogadinae (昆虫纲Insecta :膜翅目Hymenoptera :茧蜂科Braconidae)进行了分子系统学研究。本研究从 95 %～ 10 0 %乙醇浸渍保存的标本中提取基因组DNA并扩增了 10种内群种类和 5种外群种类的 2 8SrDNAD2片段并测序 (GenBank序列号AY16 76 45 -AY16 76 5 9) ,利用BLAST搜索相关的同源序列 ,采用了GenBank中 13个种类的 2 8SrRNAD2同源序列 ,然后据此进行分子分析。利用 3个外群 (共 8个种类 )和 3种建树方法 (距离邻近法distance basedneighbor joining ,NJ ;最大俭约法maximumparsimony ,MP ;和最大似然法maximumlikelihood ,ML)分析了内茧蜂亚科内的分子系统发育关系。结果表明 ,由分子数据产生的不同的分子系统树均显示内茧蜂亚科是一个单系群。内茧蜂亚科内依据形态和生物学特征的分群 (族和亚族 )及其系统发育关系得到部分支持。NJ、MP和ML分析结果均表明内茧蜂族Rogadini不是一个单系 ,而是一个并系 ,其余 3族则得到不同程度的支持。内茧蜂族可分成 2个分支 :“脊茧蜂属Aleiodes +弓脉茧蜂属Arcaleiodes”和“沟内茧蜂属Canalirogas+锥齿茧蜂属Conspinaria +刺茧蜂属Spinaria +内茧蜂属Rogas” ,二者不是姐妹群。

The D2 variable region of 28S ribosomal RNA was sequenced from ethanol preserved specimens or obtained from the literature to provide the first molecular phylog enetic reconstruction of this subfamily. Evolutionary relationships were investi gated by comparing the results using three different analysis methods (distance -based neighbor-joining, NJ; maximum parsimony, MP; and maximum likelihood, ML ) and three different outgroups. The monophyly of the Rogadinae s.s. is well supported by all trees generated from molecular data. The morphologically d efined tribes and the relationships within the subfamily are partially resolved. We found no evidence for a monophyletic Rogadini lineage, neither for the morph ological subtribe division within the tribe, but we did find some evidence for t hree other tribes. Among the genera of Rogadini our results show strong support for the paraphyly of this group. It can be divided into two clades, one consisti ng of Aleiodes+Arcaleiodes, the other of Canalirogas+Conspinaria+Spinaria+ Rogas. The clade Aleiodes+Arcaleiodes was constantly resolved using differ ent outgroups with all Aleiodes species forming a monophyletic group. Two di stinct clades are found within Aleiodes, strongly corresponding to the morph ologically defined subgeneric divisions of the genus. For the clade Canaliroga s+Conspinaria+Spinaria+Rogas, we found only limited support for this clade to be a monophyletic group. We did not find any support for the genus Spinaria to receive subtribe rank. The tribe Clinocentrini is well supported in our analy ses, and probably occupy a basal position in the phylogeny of the subfamily. We also found two well-supported clades containing the genera Yelicones and Stiropius, corresponding to the tribes Yeliconini and Stiropiini, respectively , which were well defined by morphological data, but the placement of these two clades within the phylogeny of the subfamily is poorly resolved in this study.