电传动地下矿用汽车集电弓的设计与动力学仿真

Design and dynamic simulation on pantograph of electric drive underground mining truck

地下金属矿山道路工况复杂,导致架线式电传动车辆运行时弓头离线率较高。笔者设计了具有多自由度的集电弓,举升臂采用双向浮动支撑,能够与弓头弹簧共同实时补偿过弯和坡道产生的位移。建立了整车虚拟样机,对车轮施加垂向位移以模拟车体在不同路面激振下弓头的离线状况;采用DOE方法,通过计算弓网接触力的均值及标准差,对举升液压缸的等效弹簧刚度与弓头弹簧刚度进行了优化匹配分析。结果表明,匹配优化后的刚度可以保证车辆在不同振幅和频率的激振下,集电弓离线率不大于5%。该设计及优化结果对提高电传动地下矿用汽车可靠性及运输效率具有实际的指导意义。

The complexity of the road conditions in underground metal mines leads to high off-line rate of pantograph of the electric drive mining truck. In the paper, a multi-degree pantograph was designed fi rst, whose lifting arms were supported by bidirectional fl oating hydraulic cylinders. It realized real-time compensation of displacement generated by bends and ramps. And then, the virtual prototype of the truck was established, and vertical displacement was applied onto four wheels so as to simulate the off-line state of the pantograph at various road excitation. In addition, DOE method was applied to optimize the matching of equivalent spring stiffness of the supporting cylinder and stiffness of the pantograph head spring by calculating the mean and standard deviation of the pantograph-catenary contact force. The results showed that the optimized matching stiffness guaranteed the off-line rate no higher than 5% at the excitation with various amplitude and frequency. The design and optimization results possessed practical signifi cance for enhancing the reliability and effi ciency of the electric drive mining truck.