矿用自卸车驾驶室悬置系统动力学建模与动态激励研究

Study on dynamic modeling and dynamic excitation of cab suspension system in mining dump truck

矿用自卸车驾驶室的振动和噪声严重影响其操纵稳定性和乘坐舒适性。由于矿用自卸车本身激励源复杂,而且受到外部路面激励影响,其驾驶室的振动和噪声问题一直是亟待解决的难题。针对某矿用自卸车驾驶室在实际中存在振动异常的问题,建立了驾驶室悬置系统动力学模型,研究了发动机和路面不平度激励同时作用下,驾驶室悬置系统的振动响应特征,并对实际路面激励下驾驶室悬置系统的振动加速度响应特征进行了测试,分析了引起驾驶室发生异常振动的原因。仿真结果与试验结果基本一致,验证了建立的驾驶室悬置系统动力学模型的正确性,为矿用自卸车驾驶室的振动特性优化分析奠定了良好基础。

The handling stability and ride comfort of the cab of the mining dump truck are signifi cantly affected by its vibration and noise characteristics. Since the mining dump truck is affected by complex internal excitation sources and external excitation from roads, the vibration and noise of the cab is always hard to effectively avoid. In view of abnormal vibration of the cab of a mining dump truck during operation, the paper established the dynamic model of the cab suspension system, and studied its vibration response generated by the engine and road excitation. In addition, it tested the vibration acceleration response of the cab suspension system under actual road excitation, and analyzed the causes bringing about abnormal vibration of the cab. Simulation results coincided with the test ones largely, which verifi ed the correctness of the established dynamic model of the cab suspension system. The study offered foundation for optimizing the vibration characteristics of the cab of the mining dump truck.