基于弹塑性理论扭矩轴断裂判据及失效试验研究

Study on failure criterion of torque axle based on elastic-plastic theory and failure test

在传统扭矩轴设计过程中,运用材料力学理论推算危险截面的应力,并以此为依据确定扭矩轴尺寸,这种设计方法往往导致实际失效扭矩低于或高于期望的失效范围,使扭矩轴频繁断裂影响生产或过载时不能及时断开起到保护设备的作用。笔者利用弹塑性理论并结合试验和有限元软件对扭矩轴进行分析,探究了卸荷槽处的应力和扭矩轴失效准则,对规范扭矩轴的设计具有一定的参考价值。

During previous design process of the torque axle, the material mechanics theory was applied to deduce the stress on dangerous section which then served as the reference to determine the dimension of the torque axle. The design method caused the actual failure torque lower or higher than expected failure scope, which led to frequent breaking of the torque axle and then impact on production or failure to breaking and protecting the equipment on overloading. In the paper, the elastic-plastic theory, test and FEA software were combined to analyze the torque axle, and the stress at notch and the failure criterion of the torque axle were studied, which offered some reference for the design standardization of the torque axle.