剑桥入学考试评价模式——以生物医学入学考试为例

The Cambridge Approach to Admissions Testing:Taking the BioMedical Admissions Test as an Example

作为剑桥评价集团的考试项目之一,剑桥评价入学考试遵循以下原则进行考试开发、实施和研究:1)适用性;2)交流与合作;3)质量与公信力;4)效度与效度验证。以生物医学入学考试为例,着重介绍适用性、效度与效度验证2项原则在剑桥入学考试中的应用,简要介绍交流与合作、质量与公信力2项原则及其应用。

In order to ensure that all forms of assessment are of the highest quality and are appropriate to their context and intended uses, Cambridge Assessment Group, Europe’s largest educational research and assessment agency, and a department of the University of Cambridge, has developed a set of common standards known as the Cambridge Approach. This approach sets out an overarching framework for assessment. While Cambridge Assessment Admissions Testing adheres to the Cambridge Approach in general, it also looks at best practice in assessment taking place within the three examination boards that make up the Cambridge Assessment Group, to ensure the quality of the assessments it delivers. In particular, Cambridge Assessment Admissions Testing uses principles developed by Cambridge English Language Assessment to guide test development, production and research. The four guiding principles are: fitness for purpose, communication and collaboration, quality and accountability, validity and validation. Taking the BioMedical Admissions Test(BMAT)as an example, this article focuses mainly on the principles of fitness for purpose and validity and validation to explain why these are relevant to Cambridge Assessment Admissions Testing. A brief overview of communication and collaboration is presented,and how quality and accountability impacts on the work of Cambridge Assessment Admissions Testing is also summarised.