破碎围岩锚注扩散加固机制研究与应用

Study and application of bolt-grouting slurry diffusion and reinforcement mechanism in broken surrounding rock

随着煤炭开采深度的增加,高地应力、复杂地质构造和巷道围岩松散破碎现象逐渐增加,锚注作为该类巷道治理中常采用的支护手段,在该类巷道治理中取得良好的控制效果,而锚注浆液的扩散及加固规律作为锚注研究的重要依据,相关研究目前还比较缺乏。本文以巨野矿区千米深井赵楼煤矿为工程背景,通过现场注浆前后普通锚杆拉拔力试验,定义锚注有效加固区,得到锚注有效加固区的陀螺形分布规律。在此基础上,开展不同注浆锚杆布设条件下的数值模拟试验,分析注浆锚杆长度和间排距对锚注加固效果的影响规律,提出基于现场锚注扩散试验和数值模拟研究的锚注支护设计方法,并在赵楼煤矿5302轨道巷破碎围岩锚注支护设计中进行应用,有效控制了围岩变形。

With the increasing coal mining depth,the high stress,complex geological structures and loose breakage of surrounding rock become frequent.As a popular support method,the bolt-grouting has achieved good control effect in the treatment of roadway with broken surrounding rock.Meanwhile,the law of anchor grouting fluid diffusion and reinforcement is of significance for bolting and grouting research.However,few studies has been conducted on that law.In this study,based on the engineering background of Zhaolou coalmine in Juye mining area,the law of slurry diffusion and influence factors of bolt-grouting reinforcement were studied.Through testing the common bolt pulling force before and after bolt-grouting,the effective reinforcement area of bolt-grouting was defined,and the gyroscope distribution law in the effective reinforcement area was identified.On this basis,numerical simulation for the distribution conditions of different grouting bolts was carried out.The influence law of grouting bolt length and spacing on the reinforcement effect was analyzed.Finally,the design method of bolt-grouting support was put forward based on field anchor injection diffusion test and related numerical simulation.Field test of bolt-grouting support in the 5302 track lane of Zhaolou coalmine was conducted.Results show that the bolt-grouting support scheme could effectively maintain the stability of roadway with broken surrounding rock.