论唐代科举考试的功能

The Functions of Imperial Examinations in the Tang Dynasty

唐代科举考试制度在唐代社会发挥着选拔、激励、教育导向、维护社会稳定等诸多方面的功能。从科目设置、测量方法、选拔标准等方面来看,科举考试对人才的选拔是客观公正的,对士人产生了巨大的激励作用,推动了崇文尚学的社会风气的形成;维护了儒家思想的主导地位,倡导了公平、平等的思想理念;选拔了大批具有较高文化水平的官员,提高了唐代官僚集团的文化素养,扩大了统治基础,打通了社会流动的正常渠道,培养了中国乡村士绅阶层,使之形成地方文化核心,有力地维护了唐代社会的稳定。

Imperial examination system in the Tang Dynasty played such roles as selecting and encouraging talented people,directing education and maintaining social stability.In respects of course design?evaluation measures and selecting standard,imperial examinations are objective and just.It helped form a healthy academic atmosphere by greatly encouraging intellectuals,protected the dominant position of Confucianism,improved the cultural quality of officials by selecting a large number of well-educated personnel,trained chinese village local gentlmen who formed the center of local culture,therefore maintained social stability of the Tang Dynasty.