“驯化激情,感化理性”:阿兰·布鲁姆论“诗教”艺术

“Taming Passion,Reforming Reason”: Allan Bloom on the Art of “Liberal Education”

阿兰·布鲁姆可被视为一位'文学教育家',其教育理念与古典政治哲学思想一脉相承,即强调古典意识、精英化、知识与人格的整全,注重教师对学生的训练、引导与提升,反对过度民主化或对学生的顺从,充满人文关怀与现实色彩。其独特之处在于,将文学即广义的'诗'引入到政治哲学教育过程中,以达到'诗教'的目的,其'文学教育'基本理念大致可以概括为:在驯化激情、培育理性的同时,培养学生的艺术感悟与创造能力,在诗即文学艺术中理解人生与社会,并得以在文学艺术中表达自我,从而避免理性的过度工具化和实用化,实现教育的'诗化'及'教化'功能。

As a'liberal educator',Allan Bloom’s theory of education is tightly related to the thoughts of classical political philosophy.He emphasized on classical consciousness,nobility,the wholeness of character and knowledge,and payed attention to the training and promoting of students,while was against to obey and yield to them.One of the characteristics of his education ideas is that he introduced the'literature'to the process of political philosophy education,which can be called'liberal education'.The essence of his idea is that:while taming the passion and reforming the reason of students,promoting their abilities of aesthetics and creation,and letting them to understand the society and life in literature;its aim is to avoid the over instrumentalism and pragmatism of reason,and to acquire the poetic effects of education.