金属矿物微化反应特征在重砂鉴定中的指示作用

Indicative Function Micro-Chemical Reaction of Metallic Minerals on Placer Mineral Identification

重砂鉴定是矿物鉴定的重要方法之一。由于在风化、搬运、样品加工等过程中一些重砂矿物物理性质不稳定,用于矿物鉴定的特定物理特征常常不明显,造成重砂矿物鉴别困难。特定微化学反应为鉴别这类矿物提供了快速、简便、准确手段。笔者根据多年来对黔东南地区重砂样品的鉴定工作实践,并参考前人的研究资料,讨论了铜、铅、锌金属矿物微化反应特征在重砂鉴定中的指示作用:黄绿色叶片状的硫氰酸汞铜结晶指示了待测矿物中铜元素的存在;柠檬黄色六边形片状的碘化铅晶体沉淀指示了待测矿物中铅元素的存在;毛十字状、雪花状及羽毛状硫氰酸汞锌复盐沉淀指示了待测矿物中锌元素的存在。

Identification of heavy placer minerals is one of the important methods for mineral identification. Due to weathering, handling, sample processing, instability of some physical properties of heavy minerals, specific physical characteristics for mineral identification cannot be readily observed, making the identification of these minerals difficult. The analysis of specific microchemical reactions provide a fast, simple and accurate means to mineral identification. Based on identification results of placer samples by the author in southeastern region of Guizhou Province and previous research by other investigators, the significance of the indicative function of metallic mineral micro-chemical reactions of copper, lead and zinc on placer mineral identification are discussed.