电瓷绝缘子中几种关键性粘土矿物原料研究

Studies on Several Key Clay Minerals as Raw Materials for Producing Porcelain Electrical Insulators

采用原子吸收光谱(AAS)和X射线衍射(XRD)对山西左云粘土和贵州毕节粘土进行检测的结果表明,左云粘土与毕节粘土的各种化学成分均相差不大,但两者在物相上差别较大。左云粘土主要的物相为高岭石和石英(85%~90%),且石英含量较高(20%~40%),少量为蒙脱石、伊利石、角闪石等。毕节粘土除石英型粘土外主要的物相为高岭石(80%~90%)、绢云母(1%~20%)和石英(1%~10%),少量为蒙脱石、绿泥石、角闪石等。烧结试制结果证明通过合理配比的毕节粘土同样可以制造出合格的电瓷绝缘子。

The results of using atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) to test Zuoyun clay in Shanxi province and Bijie clay in Guizhou Province show that Zuoyun clay and Bijie clay have little difference with respect to various chemical components, but have a large difference in phase compositions. Zuoyun clay is mainly composed of kaolinite and quartz(85%-90%). There is a high quartz content(about 20%), together with a small amount is montmorillonite, illite, hornblende and other minerals. However, the quartz-type Bijie clay is mainly composed of kaolinite(85%-90%), sericite(1%-20%) and quartz(1%-10%), together with a small amount of montmorillonite, chlorite, hornblende and so on. The results of sintering production trials demonstrate that a reasonable proportion of Bijie clay can produce quality porcelain electrical insulators.