陕西商南湘河石墨矿矿物学特征

Mineralogical characteristics of the Xianghe graphite deposit in the Shangnan area,Shaanxi Province,China

陕西商南湘河石墨矿是陕西省内具有巨大潜力的矿产资源,运用光、薄片分析及透射电镜(TEM)显微形貌和电子衍射分析、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)显微形貌分析、X射线衍射分析,初步研究了该地石墨矿物学特征。结果表明,湘河石墨矿为晶质石墨,呈细鳞片状,片径大部分为1～45μm之间。高分辩图显示出明显的层状晶格条纹,表现出层状堆积的石墨结构。通过电子衍射分析,石墨鳞片呈规则点阵,显示为单晶结构,石墨单晶的六方形衍射图案显示晶质石墨样品晶体结构较为完善。石墨化度在0.508～0.732之间,与同成矿带内已开发利用的河南淅川小陡岭石墨矿相似。

The Xianghe graphite deposit in the Shangnan area, Shaanxi Province is a deposit with great potential of resources. Based on microscopic observation, transmission electron microscopy(TEM) microscopic morphology and electron diffraction analysis, field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM) microscopic morphological analysis of polished and/or thin sections of samples and X-ray diffraction analysis of samples, mineralogical characteristics of graphite in the deposit have been basically studied in this paper. The results show that the graphite of the Xianghe graphite deposit is a kind of fine flaky crystalline graphite with most of its sizes varying from 1μm to 45 μm. It can be seen in high resolution images that the graphite has obvious layered lattice fringes, showing a layer-accumulated graphite structure. The electron diffraction analysis show that the graphite flake has a regular lattice, reflecting a single crystal structure. The hexagonal diffraction pattern of the graphite single crystal shows that it has relatively perfect crystal structure. The degree of graphitization is between 0.508 and 0.732, like that of the Xiaotuoling graphite mine in the Zhechuan area, Henan Province, which is the one being mined for development and utilization within the metallogenic belt.