1Akao T, Kida H, Kanaoka M, Hattori M, Kobashi K. Intestinal bacterial hydrolysis is required for the appearance of compound K in rat plasma after oral administration of ginsencside Rb1 from Panax ginseng. J Pharm" Pharmacol 1998 Oct, 50(10):1155.
2Wakabayashi C, Hasegawa H, Murata J, Saiki I., In vivo antimetastatic action of ginseng protopanaxadiol saponins is based on their intestinal bacterial metabolites after oral administration.Oncol Res 1997,9(8):411.
3Hasegawa H, Uchiyama M. Antimetastatic efficacy of orally administered ginsenoside Rb1 in dependence on intestinal bacterial hydrolyzing potential and significance of treatment with an active bacterial metabolite. Planta Med 1998 Dec,64(8) :696 - 700.
4Hasegawa H, Lee KS, Nagaoka T, Tezuka Y, Uchiyama M, Kadota S, Saiki 1. Phannacokinetits of ginsenoside deglycosylated by intestinal bacteria and its transfonnation to biologically active fatty acid esters. Biol Phann Bull 2000 Mar,23(3) :298 - 304.
5Hasegawa H, Sung J, Benno Y. Role of human intestinal Prevotella oris in Hydrolyzing Ginseng saponins, Planta Mediea, 1997,436-440.
7Karikura M, Miyase T, Tanizawa H, Taniyama T, Takino Y. Studies on absorption, distribution, excretion and metabolism of ginseng saponins. Ⅵ. The decomposition products of ginsenoside Rb2 in the stomach of rots. Chem Pharm Bull(Tokyo) 1991 Feb,39(2):400.
8Karikura M, Miyase T, Tanizawa H, Taniyama T, Takino Y., Studies on absorption, distribution, excretion and metabolism of ginseng saponins. Ⅶ. Comparison of the decomposition modesof ginsenoside- Rb1 and - Rh2 in the digestive tract of rots. C, hem Phann Bull (Tokyo) 1991Sep,39(9) :2357.
9Wang BX et al., The intestinal Bacteria Metabolism of Ginsenoside - Rgl and Anti - tumor Activity of the metabolite G- Rh1.
