山楂圆柏锈病的研究

Hawthorn-juniper rust

山楂圆柏锈病病原为亚洲胶锈菌 ,冬孢子在圆柏属、锈孢子和性孢子在山楂属和梨属树木上。从担孢子产生到性孢子 12～ 2 0d ,到锈孢子 35～ 4 0d ,到冬孢子近 2a。孢子萌发最适温度为 :冬孢子 17～ 2 0℃ ,担孢子 15～ 2 3℃ ,锈孢子 10～ 2 5℃。各种孢子均在相对温度 5 0 %以上和蔽荫或黑暗条件下萌发 ,直射光、全光抑制萌发。冬孢子胶化充分 ,6h即可出现担孢子。担孢子在适温适湿时 ,1h即可萌发。担孢子寿命暂短 ,活孢子传播距离近。

The pathogen of hawthon juniper rust was proved to be Gymnosporangium asiaticum.Its teliospores parasitized on Sabina Spach..Aeciospore and pycniospore parasitized on Crataegus L.and Pyrus L..The period from the formation of basidiospore to pycniospore need 12 20days,to aeciospore 35 40 days,to teliospore nearly 2 years.The optimal germinating temperatures were 17 20 ℃ for teliospore,15 23 ℃ for basidiospore and 10 25 ℃ for aeciospore.All spores germinated under the condition of darkness and shade with relative humidity of 50% or more.The direct or full light inhibited the germination.The live spores couldn't spread far.Spray of chlorothalonil against spores or painting mixture of pine tar and diesel oil on the infected parts of junipers could reach a better control effect.