被动式超低能耗木结构建筑外围护结构节能设计

Energy Saving Design of Passive Super Low Energy Consumption Timber Structure External Enclosure Structure

在被动式超低能耗木结构建筑能量损失中外围护结构的传热损失占比最高,为了降低能耗,研究了被动式超低能耗木结构建筑外围护结构节能设计方案。通过标定热箱法对建筑外围护结构保温性进行测试,获取建筑外围护结构传热系数或热阻。分析了建筑外围护外墙、屋顶和外窗,研究了各外围护组成部分的传热系数。将研究的被动式超低能耗木结构建筑当成基准建筑,将其冷热总负荷和各外围护结构节能设计方案全年空调总负荷的差值当成对应组合方案的总负荷节能值,获取节能设计方案。方案2和方案4都是采用的桁架屋顶,方案8采用的是椽檩式屋顶,方案4和方案8的外墙为玻璃纤维保温棉填充墙体,方案2外墙为岩棉填充墙体。三个方案的外窗统一为low-E中空(断热铝窗框)。结果表明:方案4空调总负荷节能值最高,其次是方案2,再次为方案8;方案4能耗低,二氧化碳减排量高,舒适性好。可见桁架屋顶、玻璃纤维保温棉填充墙体、low-E中空(断热铝窗框)外窗组成的外围护结构节能设计方案最优。

In the energy loss of passive ultra-low-energy wood structure buildings,the heat transfer loss of the external protection structure is the highest.In order to reduce the energy consumption,the energy-saving design scheme of the passive ultra-low energy wood structure building exterior structure was studied.The thermal insulation of the building’s outer protective structure was tested by the calibration hot box method to obtain the heat transfer coefficient or thermal resistance of the building’s outer protective structure.The exterior wall,roof and exterior windows of the building were analyzed,and the heat transfer coefficients of the peripheral components were studied.Taking the passive ultra-low-energy wood structure constructed as the reference building,the difference between the total heat and cold load of the cold and heat and the energy-saving design of each peripheral protection structure was taken as the total load energy-saving value of the corresponding combination scheme,and the energy-saving design is obtained.Program.Both scheme 2 and scheme 4 were truss roofs,scheme 8 was a truss roof,scheme 4 and scheme 8 were glassfiber insulation cotton-filled walls,and scheme 2 exterior was rock-wool-filled walls.The outer windows of the three schemes are unified into a low-E hollow(heat-breaking aluminum window frame).The results show that scheme 4 has the highest energy-saving value of air-conditioning total load,followed by scheme 2,and again is scheme 8.Scheme 4 has low energy consumption,high CO2 emission reduction and good comfort.It can be seen that the energysaving design scheme of the outer guard structure composed of the truss roof,the glass fiber insulation cotton-filled wall and the low-E hollow(heat-breaking aluminum window frame)outer window is optimal.