杭州西溪湿地苔藓植物种类与群落调查

Investigation on Species and Communities of Bryophytes in Xixi Wetlands, Hangzhou

在野外调查、采集和标本检视基础上,记录杭州市西溪湿地苔藓植物33科48属58种1亚种1变种。其中,树生赤藓(Syntrichia laevipila)为浙江省分布新记录。该湿地苔藓植物种类丰富度及特有性较低,含5种的科只有齿萼苔科(Lophocoleaceae)和丛藓科(Pottiaceae),占总科数的6.1%;仅1种的科共18科,如缩叶藓科(Ptychomitriaceae)、牛毛藓科(Ditrichaceae)、珠藓科(Bartramiaceae)、木灵藓科(Orthotrichaceae)、疣冠苔科(Aytoniaceae)等,占总科数的54.5%。在苔藓群落中,土生苔藓群落占优势,而且土生苔藓群落的物种多样性也最丰富,其他依次为石生群落、木生群落、水生群落。生活型统计显示,交织型与丛集型占绝对优势,合计53种,占总种数的83.33%;漂浮型和悬垂型都只有2种,分别占总种数1.67%,基本不代表该区苔藓植物生活型特征。

Based on the field investigation and specimen examination, a total of 60 bryophytes species(including subspecies and varieties), belonging to 48 genera and 33 families were reported in Xixi wetlands of Hangzhou City. Syntrichia laevipila was considered as a new distribution record for Zhejiang Province. Diversity and endemic element of bryophytes was low in the study area. Lophocoleaceae and Pottiaceae both consisted of 5 species and accounted for 6.1% of all families. The 18 families(54.5% in total) including Ptychomitriaceae, Ditrichaceae, Bartramiaceae, Orthotrichaceae,Aytoniaceae etc., only 1 genus was reported respectively in Xixi Wetlands. These bryophyte communities were grouped into 5 types: Bryo-Hydrophytia, Bryo-Geophytia,Bryo-Petrophytia and Bryo-Epixylophytia, among which Bryo-Geophytia was the dominant type. Statistical results indicated that wefts and turfs were most common bryophyte life forms. The 53 species belonged to the above two life forms, accounting for 83.33% of total species number; float ages and pendants had both 2 species which respectively contributed to 1.67% of the total number of species and might not be considered as the characteristics reflection of bryophyte life forms in the investigated area.