安徽颍州西湖湿地自然保护区水鸟多样性及季节动态

Species Diversity and Seasonal Dynamics of Waterbirds in Yingzhou Xihu Wetland Nature Reserve,Anhui

2013年1~12月,采用路线调查法和定点观察法,对安徽颍州西湖湿地自然保护区的水鸟多样性进行了调查,共记录水鸟7目13科62种。其中,有国家Ⅰ级保护鸟类1种,国家Ⅱ级保护鸟类3种;冬候鸟27种(43.5%),夏候鸟7种(11.3%),旅鸟21种(33.9%),留鸟7种(11.3%)。区系组成包括古北界39种(62.9%)、东洋界2种(3.2%)和广布种鸟类21种(33.9%)。该保护区水鸟的季节变化较为明显,冬季水鸟数量最多,其优势种为灰雁(Anser anser)、鸿雁(Anser cygnoides)、绿头鸭(Anas platyrhynchos)和斑嘴鸭(Anas poecilorhyncha);春、秋两季水鸟种类最多,其中春季37种,秋季35种,水鸟的多样性和均匀度也相对较高。

The waterbirds diversity in Yingzhou Xihu Wetland Nature Reserve of Anhui Province was surveyed by line transects and fixed-spot observation methods from January to December, 2013. The 62 species of waterbirds, belonging to 7 orders, 13 families were recorded. Among these species, one was national first-grade protected in China, and three were second-grade; 27 species(43.5%) of these were winter birds, 7species(11.3%) were summer birds, 21 species(33.9%) were passengers and 7 species(11.3%) were residents. Among these waterbirds, 39 species(62.9%) belongs to Palearctic realm, 2 species(3.2%) are Oriental birds and 21 species(33.9%) are widespread ones. The results showed that the species composition and quantity of waterbirds was seasonal. The numbers of waterbirds were the highest during wintertime, the dominant species were Anser anser, Anser cygnoides, Anas platyrhynchos and Anser poecilorhyncha; the species composition was the highest during spring and autumn, 37 species in spring, and 35 species in autumn, and the diversity and evenness was relatively higher.