围填海区受损滨海湿地生态补偿机制与模式

Ecological Compensation Mechanisms and Models of Damaged Coastal Wetlands in Reclamation Areas

深入推进湿地生态补偿工作一直是中国的重大需求。围填海活动在为人类拓展生存和发展空间及带来经济收益的同时,也造成了生态损害,导致生物栖息地破坏或丧失、生态系统功能减弱和生物多样性受损等。以围填海活动造成的湿地丧失、受损为前提,通过对受损的滨海湿地"损失什么—损失多少—补偿什么—补偿多少"的科学评估与判识,从结构—功能—过程出发,在物质量、价值量和可替代性等方面,建立不同受损湿地类型的生态补偿机制与模式,有力推进湿地生态补偿工作,有利于推动生态环境保护工作,实现从以行政手段为主向以综合运用经济和技术手段为主的转变,有利于推进资源的可持续利用和生物多样性保护,实现不同地区、不同利益群体的和谐发展。

To further promote ecological compensation for the wetlands had been a major national demand.Rapid economic growth has resulted in significant ecological degradation in many coastal areas in China, such as regional biodiversity loss, ecological regulation reduction, habitat destruction and other ecosystem services decline. Therefore, to develop the ecological compensation mechanism and ecological restoration model for the damaged coastal wetland by reclamation activities would be the technical basis of conservation. Here we are based on the loss or damage of the coastal wetlands which caused by reclamation activities, evaluate what and how much have been lost—what will to be compensated—how much will to be compensated to the damaged coastal wetlands scientifically, and establish different ecological compensation mechanisms and models in the eye of the structure, function and process of the wetlands. This study would promote the study of ecological compensation for the wetlands powerfully, conduct the protection of ecological environment from mainly on administrative means to integrated use of economic and technical means, and promote the sustainable use of resources and protection of biodiversity to realize the harmonious development of different regions and different interest groups.