创业企业联结组合的“结构-地位”效应

The “structure-status” effect of entrepreneurial enterprise tie portfolio

通过建构联结组合帮助创业者获取成长所需的知识与资源,已经成为创业企业重要的外部成长路径。但已有研究对创业情境下联结组合如何发挥绩效提升作用仍研究不足,未能对联结组合核心的内在结构以及创业企业在该结构中的地位这一"中观—微观"互动问题做出细致解释。本文整合了社会网络与组织地位理论,从联结主体与联结方式的双重视角解构联结组合结构特征、地位效应及其绩效结果的影响机制。利用多案例研究发现:在先前关系项目中,创业企业会构建包含重复性联结的关系传递式联结组合以创造价值,但由于经纪人主体的利益分割,导致创业企业绩效较低。为了改变居于结构洞边缘的地位劣势,创业企业寻求需求互补项目中跨越结构洞的封闭式联结组合的构建,利用桥接结构洞改善企业地位,带来较高的创业企业绩效。为了完全掌控联结组合,居于联结组合的核心地位,创业企业利用自主开发项目,构建自我中心的结构洞式联结组合以创造价值,借助经纪人优势大幅度提高了企业地位,促进创业企业绩效提升。

It is an important external growth path for entrepreneurial enterprises to construct a tie portfolio helping to obtain the knowledge and resources needed.But the existing research on internal mechanism of the effect of the tie portfolio on entrepreneurial enterprises performance is still lacking,failed to give a reasonable explanation to'how to construct a suitable tie portfolio and promote it evolution in order to improve enterprise status'.From the dual perspective of the partner and relationship,this paper constructs the influence mechanism of the tie portfolio characteristics and its status effect on performance results by integrating Social networks and organizational status based on the background of China’s transition economic system and the unique entrepreneurial situation.Based on multiple cases study,we found that firstly,In the previous relational project,the entrepreneurial enterprise will construct the relation transitive tie portfolio including repeated coupling to create value.But because of the interest segmentation of the agent,the performance of the entrepreneurial enterprise is low.In order to change the status disadvantage of position on structure hole edge,the entrepreneurial enterprise seek complementary project to construct close tie portfolio,to improve the enterprise status by bridging structural holes and get high performance.In order to fully control the tie portfolio and positioning in the core center,entrepreneurial enterprise construct egocentric tie portfolio including structure hole to create value by autonomously project,greatly enhance the enterprise status by agent advantage and promote the entrepreneurial performance.