北京高校和科研机构跨区域技术转移模式及政策启示

Trans-regional technology transfer pattern and policy implications of Beijing universities and research institutes

北京高校和科研机构集聚,科技创新资源优势明显,其跨区域的技术转移对于有效发挥北京市全国科技创新中心的作用、促进其他地区经济社会发展具有重要的战略意义。本文针对技术输出方和接收方的主体类型,运用技术交易市场统计数据,分析和揭示了北京高校和科研机构跨区域技术转移的主体模式,以及不同主体模式下技术接受方的选择倾向性;基于理论假设,实证分析了区域间地理距离、技术距离、政策距离、经济距离等因素对北京高校和科研机构跨区域技术转移绩效的影响机制。研究发现:北京高校和科研机构跨区域技术输出的主体模式以北京高校与其他地区企业、北京科研机构与其他地区企业为主导;从不同主体模式下技术接受方的选择倾向性看,地理距离、经济距离、技术距离、政策距离对北京高校及科研机构技术输出绩效的影响存在差异。最后,本文从加强区域间交通和信息网络基础设施建设、提高区域引进技术的转化和应用能力、加强区域知识产权保护水平、促进区域创新能力建设与技术引进协调发展等方面提出了若干有针对性的政策启示。

Beijing's universities and scientific research institutions gather together,and their technological innovation resources have obvious advantages. Trans-regional technology transfer has important strategic significance for effectively playing the role of Beijing National S&T Innovation Center and promoting the economic and social development of other regions. Technology transfer plays an important role in allocation of resources,innovation incentives,standardized transactions,value discovery and other aspects. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to deeply explore the model of technology transfer in Beijing universities and research institutes and give full play to the important support platform and demonstration role of Beijing universities and scientific research institutions. Based on the gravity model,this paper studies the technical models of technology output in Beijing universities and research institutions by using the multidimensional scaling method. In the different dimensions of different subject models,geographical distance,technical distance,policy distance and economic distance. Finally,it puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on technology transfer of universities and research institutes in Beijing. This paper analyzes and reveals the main modes of trans-regional technology transfer of universities and research institutes in Beijing and the selection tendency of technology recipients in different subject models according to the main types of technology exporters and receivers. Based on the statistical data of technology trading market,the paper analyzes the influence mechanism of inter-regional geographic distance,technical distance,policy distance and economic distance on the trans-regional technology transfer performance of Beijing universities and research institutions. It is found that the main mode of cross-regional technology output of Beijing universities and research institutions is dominated by the enterprises of Beijing universities and other regions,Beijing research institutes and other regional enterprises. From the perspective of choice of technology recipients in different subject models,economic distance,technical distance and policy distance have different effects on the technical output performance of Beijing universities and research institutions. In the end,this paper puts forward some suggestions on strengthening inter-regional transportation and information network infrastructure construction,improving the ability of regional technology transfer and application,strengthening the protection level of regional intellectual property rights,promoting regional innovation capacity building and technology introduction and coordinated development.