用于低渗透砂岩铀矿地浸的表面活性剂的选择

Selection of the Surfactants for In-situ Leaching of Low Permeable Sandstone Uranium Deposits

为有效进行低渗透砂岩铀矿地浸开采,提高溶浸液的表面活性,从表面活性剂的表面张力、泡沫性能、抗盐性、复配性能等方面进行了试验,选择了适合低渗透砂岩铀矿地浸的表面活性剂种类。结果表明:在25 g/L硫酸溶浸液中加入0.01 g/L的非离子氟碳表面活性剂时,溶液表面活性最高,其表面张力最小值为20.8 m N/m,其中FS-3100低泡、抗盐性好、复配型好、对环境无害,优势更为突出。当复配体系FS-3100∶OP-10为3∶7时浸出效果最好,铀浸出率达到94.91%,可作为低渗透砂岩型铀矿酸法地浸开采的增渗剂。

In order to conduct in-situ leaching mining of low permeability sandstone uranium depos-its with high efficiency and improve the surface activity of leaching liquid,the experiments of the influence of surface tension,foam performance,salt resistance and compounding characteristics are conducted to se-lect the suitable surfactants for in-situ leaching of low permeable sandstone uranium deposits.The experi-mental results show that the surface activity of leaching liquid has the maximum value and the minimum surface tension is 20.8 mN /m when the adding the 0.01 g/L non-ionic fluorocarbon surfactant into 25 g/L sulfuric acid leaching liquid.FS-3100 has the characteristics of lower foaming,better salt resistance, better compounding characteristics and environmental-friendliness,so,the advantages of FS-3100 is signif-icant.The leaching effect is perfect and the leaching rate of uranium canbe reached to 94.91% when the mass ratio of FS-3100 and OP-10 is 3:7 in the mixed surfactant system,which is very suitable to improve the permeability of low permeable sandstone uranium deposits by acid leaching mining method.