矿产资源开发中环境法律调整新问题研究

Ajustment of New Problems in Mineral Resources Exploitation by Environmental Law

矿产资源开发中环境法律不仅要调整与矿产资源开发环境管理有关的人与人之间的社会关系,也要调整人与自然之间的社会关系。传统矿产资源开发中环境管理法律制度主要调控的是矿山环境治理,但是我国目前既面临优势矿产国家利益大量流失国外的被动局面,又肩负和谐矿区建设的重要任务。当期背景下,利用环境法律手段,调控优势矿产贸易结构、促进和谐矿区建设两大新问题,既符合WTO贸易规则,也是法律的题中之义。通过分析矿产资源开发环境法律对新问题的调控,提出通过建立完善环境代价核算制度、矿山环境准入制度、矿山环境污染总量控制制度、矿山地质环境治理保证金制度、矿山地质生态环境补偿金制度,来实现对新问题的合理解决。

Environmental laws in mineral resources exploitation not only adjust the social relationships among people in environmental management,but also adjust the social relations between man and nature.Traditional mining environmental legal system focuses on regulation of mining environment.At present China is facing with the loss of abundant national interests on the advantage mineral resource to foreign country,as well as the task of constructing harmonious mining community.Here and now,using the environmental legal system to regulate advantages mineral trade structure and promote harmonious mining community construction is consistent with WTO trade rules and the spirit of domestic law.Through analyzing the ajustment of new problems in mineral exploitation by environmental legal,it is proposed to establish the environmental costs of accounting systems,mine environmental admittance system,the total mine environmental pollution control system,mine geological environment governance deposit system,mine ecological environment compensation system for resolving the new problems.