发展认知神经科学:理解和促进人类心理发展的新兴学科

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience: A New Discipline on Understanding and Promoting Psychological Development

理解和促进人类心理发展是科学研究的重要使命。近10余年来,发展心理学与神经科学、遗传学、分子生物学日益交叉融合,衍生了新兴的发展认知神经科学,为理解人类心智的起源、发展变化规律、神经生理和社会心理机制提供了崭新的视角,并为有效促进人类心智的发展带来了前所未有的可能。研究者主要在大脑结构、功能发育与心理行为发展、遗传与环境对个体心理行为发展的交互影响、心理行为发展个体差异的神经机制等方面取得了重要进展。由于发展认知神经科学研究具有重要的科学价值与现实意义,我国应积极主动地把握新学科的发展机遇,结合国家人口素质提升的重大战略需求,从国家科技的宏观布局、以问题为导向的大型联合攻关项目的开展以及理论体系与人才培养体系等多个层面,大力促进发展认知神经科学的发展,使我国这一领域在国际上占据前沿位置,并为满足国家人口战略的重大需求提供坚实的科学与技术基础。

Understanding and promoting psychological development is an important mission of scientific research. In the past decade, developmental psychology integrated with neuroscience, genetics, and molecular biology and gave birth to developmental cognitive neuroscience, which provided new perspective for understanding the origin, development, and neural and social mechanism of human mind, and shed light on promoting human mind. Great progress has been made in understanding the relation between brain structure /function and development of psychology, the interaction of genetic and environmental factors on development of psychology, and individual differences in corresponding neural mechanism. Because of the great scientific value and realistic significance of developmental cognitive psychology, we should seize the opportunity to support this new discipline to improve human resource from 3 levels: allocation of resource in national science and technology, supporting cross- discipline projects focusing on key questions, and setting up education system for high- level researchers. By doing so can enable us play a leading role in this field, and fulfill the requirement of improving human resource.