教育心理学:沟通心理学与教育的桥梁

Educational Psychology: A Bridge between Psychology and Education

教育心理学是研究人的心理与行为改变规律的科学,是心理科学的一个重要应用分支,学校情境中学与教的基本心理学规律是其研究的主要对象。教育心理学是心理学与教育长期结合的产物,当其作为一门独立学科在20世纪初诞生后,曾给当时教育研究走向科学化以强有力的推动。近一二十年来教育心理学研究在学习与认知,动机、情绪与信念,教学与学科学习,学习的个体差异等主题上有了较大进展。研究发展趋势表现在:一般认知过程的研究转变为课堂里具体学科学习中的认知研究;教学心理研究受到重视;研究视角多元化;开始从对个体的关注转到对社会文化情境中个体的关注;计算机与网络等技术因素对学习的影响成为一个新的研究领域。最后,作者从发挥教育心理学作为沟通心理学与教育桥梁的功能出发,对我国教育心理学发展提出了若干建议。

Educational Psychology is an important applied discipline of psychology science investigating the psychology of man and laws for behavior modification. The primary laws for learning and instruction in school context are the foci of Educational Psychology. Educational Psychology has been the product of psychology and education. When it was founded as an independent discipline at the beginning of the last century,it enormously promoted the scientific study of education. In the last twenty years, there has been great advances for Educational Psychology in learning and cognition, motivation, emotions and belief, instruction and subject learning, and individual differences in learning, etc. The trends of research development are: The study of general cognitive process has shifted to the cognitive study of concrete subjects in classroom settings; The psychology of teaching has been more emphasized; Multiple perspectives for research are preferred; Educational psychologists have begun to pay attention to persons in social cultural context instead of only paying attention to individual characteristics; The impact of computer and internet technology on learning has been transformed into a new research field. Lastly, the authors put forward some suggestions as on how to further nurture the development of Educational Psychology, with its function as the communicative platform for psychology and education.