深海声传播信道和目标被动定位研究现状

Research on Acoustic Propagation and Passive Localization in Deep Water

随着我国海洋技术逐渐从近浅海向深远海的战略性转移,深海目标远程探测技术逐渐受到重视。海洋中目前已知的可用于远距离传播的信号是声信号,海洋是"声透明"的。基于水声传播特性的新型水声技术是实现装备探测能力突破的关键。文章主要概述了目前研究比较集中的深海表面波导、表面波导泄露、会聚区、海底弹射和可靠声路径5种深海声传播信道,以及基于可靠声路径的目标被动定位方法。旨在通过梳理深海声传播规律及相关被动定位技术,为水声技术的快速发展提供思路。

As the ocean technology in deep water is paid much more attention than that in shallow water, the target detection techniques used in deep water are also attracting much more attention. So far, only the acoustic signal is favorable for long-distance transmission in the water. An ocean acoustic technology based on the property of the sound propagation is the key for the breakthrough of the target detection range of the sonar. This paper gives an overview on the basic acoustic propagation paths and passive localization methods used in deep water. The aim is to advance the fundamental research on acoustic signal processing.