国际能源科技发展动态研判与战略启示

Analysis of Global Energy Technology Development and Its Strategic Implication

当前能源系统正在从化石能源绝对主导向低碳多能融合方向转变。全球能源生产与消费革命正在不断深化,新兴产业与新业态不断发展壮大。主要发达国家在能源转型过程中以科技创新为先导,以体制改革为抓手,致力于解决主体能源向绿色低碳过渡、多能互补耦合利用、终端用能深度电气化、智慧能源网络建设等重大战略问题,构建清洁低碳、安全高效的现代能源体系,抢占能源科技革命和产业变革的战略制高点。能源技术创新处于高度活跃期,新兴能源技术正以前所未有的速度加快迭代,正孕育一批具有重大产业变革前景的颠覆性技术。文章系统梳理了世界主要发达国家和地区的能源科技领域重大发展战略规划,分析了国际重大科技前沿进展与重要成果,以准确把握世界能源技术变革和演进方向,进而为我国能源科技领域的优先谋划和布局提供重要参考。

Currently,the global energy system is shifting from the absolute dominance of fossil energy to the transition of lowcarbon and multi-energy.The global energy production and consumption revolution is constantly deepening,and emerging industries and new formats continue to grow and develop.In the process of energy transformation,major developed countries take science and technology innovation as the forerunner and take system reform as the starting point.They are committed to solving major strategic problems,such as green energy and low carbon transition,multi-energy complementary coupling utilization,deep electrification,and smart energy network construction.Based on these,they can build a clean,low-carbon,safe and efficient modern energy system,and strive for the competitive strengths of energy science and technology revolution and industrial transformation.At the same time,energy technology innovation is in a highly active period,and emerging energy technologies are accelerating at an unprecedented rate,with a number of disruptive technologies spawning.This study systematically sorts out the major strategic plannings for energy science and technology developed by major developed countries and regions,as well as analyzes the progresses and important achievements of energy technology,which can help to accurately grasp the evolving technology directions.Finally,it proposes several constructive recommendations for the development of energy science and technology in China.