线粒体DNA的遗传与动物进化研究

Heredity of Animal mtDNA and Studies of Animal Evolution

大多数学者认为脊椎动物的线粒体DNA遗传是严格的母系遗传,因而mtDNA分析成了动物进化研究中广泛采用的分类工具,为了和严格母系遗传相一致,以至于"精子线粒体被删除丢失"的说法被人视为存在而得以传播,因为这种说法支持了人类起源于非洲的"非洲夏娃"理论模式。而且线粒体母系遗传模式在假说争论中从未受到真正挑战。本文通过阐述动物线粒体DNA母系遗传假说在动物进化研究中的不严谨性,推测脊椎动物的线粒体DNA的遗传可能不是严格的母系遗传,而是一种随机性的遗传方式。

It is popular to think the heredity of animal mtDNA as the strict maternal heredity type, and the analyze of animal mtDNA is used widely as a taxonomy tool in the researches of animal evolution. Displaying impreciseness of the hypothesis of mtDNA maternal heredity in researches of animal evolution, we think that heredity of animal mtDNA may be the random heredity type instead of the strict maternal heredity type.