三江平原地下水埋深变化及成因的初步分析

Preliminary Research on Groundwater Table Change and Causes in San-jiang Plain

三江平原多年平均降水量 5 5 1 mm,农作物一年一熟 ,水土资源丰富。且在 1 0 .9万 km2 的面积上分布有 1 0 4万 hm2的湿地 ,是我国最大的湿地保护区集中地区之一。但由于地下水开采量增大 ,地下水位逐年降深 ,2 0 0 0年平均已达 5 .2 m,个别地区超过 9m,引起各方的高度关注。对造成地下水下降的主要因素 ,包括降水、水稻种植。

There are abundant water resources and soil resources in San jiang Plain, where average annual precipitation is about 551 mm and main cultivation pattern is one harvest a year. There is 1.04 million hm 2 of marsh land in its total 10.9 million hm 2 area, one of the biggest protected marsh regions in China. But groundwater table dropped rapidly as more and more groundwater was exploited in last 5 to 7 years, which more and more attentions have been paid on. The main factors related with the groundwater table drop, such as precipitation fluctuation, rice area development, and hydrogeology condition change, are preliminarily discussed and analyzed in this paper.