不同经营模式的水源涵养林生态防护功能研究

Study on Ecological Protective Functions of Water Conservation Forest Managed with Different Measurements

在山西五台山研究了不同经营技术措施的水源涵养林的生态防护功能。研究结果表明:油松纯林的林冠截留率最大,桦木纯林的林冠截留率最小;针阔混交林林地的持水量较高,其次为阔叶林、人工针叶林;阔叶林地土壤入渗率较针阔混交林高;经过封禁和封育后的灌木林改良土壤的作用明显;抚育型的林木生长量比封育和封禁型的大。不同经营技术措施的水源涵养林的生态防护功能不同,应根据具体的立地条件和林分结构以及植被类型选择不同的经营模式。

The ecological protective functions of water conservation forest, which had managed by different technological measures were studied in Wu Tai mountain,Shanxi Province. The results showed that: the canopy interception ratio was the highest in Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest and the lowest in Betula platylla pure forest.the waterholding capacity was the highest in coniferous and broadleaved mixed forests soil, follwed by that in the broadleved forest soil, and was the lowest in coniferous plantation soil. The water infiltration ratio in broadleaved forest soil was higher than that in coniferous and broadleaved mixed forests soil. The soil improvement effect was obvious in shrub forest after hill closure. The tree increment after treatment by tending measure was higher than by close the land and all close the land measures. The ecological protection functions varied in different technological measures. Different manage patterns should chosen according to the forest stand, the forest structure and the vegetation tapes.