断奶日龄对消化器官形态及小肠组织化学的影响

Chemical Effect of Weaning Age on Form of Peptics andSmall Intestine Organs

本研究选用了12窝0～56日龄仔猪,以断奶日龄为主要因素,随机分成17、21、28、35日龄断奶四个处理组,每个处理三个重复,每个重复为一窝仔猪。试验期间,实行三阶段饲养,7日龄开始补饲,7～28日龄采食日粮 ,29～42日龄采食日粮 ,42～56日龄采食日粮 。17日龄断奶组分别于断奶后12h、4d、4d+1w、4d+2w,22、28日龄断奶组分别于断奶后12h、1w、2w、3w,35日龄断奶组于断奶后12h、1w、2w采血和剖杀,每次剖杀1头;同时35日龄断奶组作为对照组,分别在17、21、28日龄断奶组采血和剖杀时间点的相同日龄,每次每个重复也各剖杀1头,共计剖杀54头。剖杀取得的样品用于测定仔猪消化道形态及肠道组织化学指标。结果表明:断奶后,仔猪小肠各段、胃、胰、肝组织结构模糊,小肠绒毛脱落,粘膜水肿,固有膜中大量嗜酸性白细胞浸润(炎症反应),细胞发生不同程度的颗粒变性、脂肪变化或空泡变化,且断奶越早,这些变化越严重。17、21日龄断奶组仔猪小肠粘膜AKP活性低于28、35日龄断奶组同周龄仔猪,其中空肠、回肠粘膜AKP活性高于十二指肠AKP活性;随着周龄的增加,仔猪小肠粘膜ANAE活性增强,至5周龄时达到高峰,断奶后次日及一周时,仔猪小肠粘膜ANAE活性减弱;断奶越早,仔猪十二指肠腺及肠腺糖原阳性反应较弱。

Choosing 12 broods of piglets (aging 0~56 days ) as testing objects, with weaning age as the main factor, they were divided int o four groups randomly, the weaning age was 17 days, 21 days, 28 days and 35 day s respectively. Each treatment had three repetitions. Each repetition was a broo d of piglets. During the experiment, took three phase feeding, adding feed for piglets after 7 days, feeding food II for 7~28 days' piglets, f ood Ⅰfor 29~42 days' piglets and food Ⅲ for 42~56 days' piglets. The weaning group aging 17 days had blood collecting and drssect ion 12 hours, 4 days, 4 day plus one week, 4 days plus two weeks after weaning r espectively. The group aging 29 days and 28 days had the same process 12 hours, one week, two weeks and three weeks after weaning respectively. The group aging 35 days had the same treatment 12 hours, one week and two weeks after weaning re spectively. Each time there was one dissection for one piglet. As a contrast gro up, the weaning group aging 35 days had blood collecting and dissection at the s ame time as the former three groups. Each time there was also one dissection fo r one piglet, totaling 54 piglets. The samples after dissection were used to tes t the form of alimentary canal and chemical target of intestines. The result sug g ested that after weaning, the organization of different parts of small intestine , stomach, pancreas and liver was undear, small intestine rilli dropped. There w a s mucosa edema. There was also much eosinophil leucocyte infiltration (inflammat ion reaction) in tunica propria. Cells had different granule denaturation, fatty change or racuolar charge. The earlier the weaning, the more serious the change is. The AKP activity of small intestine mucosa of the first two groups was lowe r than that of the last two groups, among which the AKP activity of jejunum and ileum mucosa was higher than that of duodenum. With the age increasing, the ANAE activity of small intestine mucosa was increasing. It reached the top at the ag e of 5 weeks. One day after weaning and also one week after weaning, the ANAE ac tivity was weakening. The earlier the weaning, the weaker the glycogen positive reaction of brunner's gland and enteraden.