鲈鱼鳗弧菌病疫苗的制备及免疫防治效果

Preparation of Vaccine Against Vibriosis of Sea Perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) and Its Immune Efficiency Evaluation

以从患出血、烂尾病的鲈鱼 ( L ateolabrax japonicus)中分离的 1株致病性鳗弧菌 W- 1( Vibrio anguillarum)为材料 ,进行了鳗弧菌全细胞灭活疫苗研制 ,比较了福尔马林、苯酚、氯仿等不同灭活剂在不同温度下的灭活效果。最终确定以 0 .5 % ( v/ v)的福尔马林溶液在 2 8℃下处理 4 8h为最佳灭活条件 ,所用的菌悬液浓度为 2 .5× 10 9cfu/ m L。用福尔马林灭活的 W- 1( Vibrio anguil-larum)疫苗 ,分别浸泡免疫鲈鱼苗和注射成鱼 ,并检测了疫苗对鱼体的免疫保护力。结果表明 ,经疫苗浸泡免疫 4周后的鲈鱼苗免疫保护力达 64.7% ,90 d后同批次的鲈鱼再注射免疫 ,其免疫保护力为 78.9% ,血清中抗体凝集效价为 1∶ 192。仅进行注射免疫组 ,其免疫保护力为 5 7.9% ,血清中抗体凝集效价为 1∶ 2 2 4。

Pathogenic Vibrio anguillarum strain W-1 was isolated from diseased sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus). Inactivated vaccine of the bacteria was prepared with different inactivation methods by using formalin, phenol, chloroform and heating. The results show that the most appropriate method for inactivation of the bacterium was treatment of bacteria suspension (2.5×109cfu/mL)with 0.5% formalin at 28 ℃for 48h. Sea perch was vaccinated with formalin inactivated vaccine by immersion and injection routines. The RPS was 64.7% for the immersion immumized fish and 78.9% for the boosted fish by the injection method 90 days later, whose antibody titer was 1∶192, while the RPS of injection immunized fish was 57.9% and the antibody titer was 1∶224.