海洋细菌B-9987菌株产生的抑菌物质及对几种植物病原真菌的作用

Inhibitor substance of marine bacterium and effects on pathogenic fungi

从海洋生境中分离得到 317株菌株 ,筛选获得 1株芽孢杆菌B 9987菌株 ,其胞外分泌的代谢产物对植物病原真菌有显著的抑制作用 ,其中对茄交链孢菌、大丽轮枝菌、黄枝孢菌、立枯丝核菌主要是造成真菌孢子或菌丝末端膨大成球状 ,继而胞壁崩解 ,原生质外泄 ;对尖孢镰刀菌和莴苣霜霉菌的抑制作用 ,则表现为孢子萌发率降低和芽管长度明显变短。该抑菌物质经乙醚萃取 ,硅胶G薄层层析纯化 ,官能团显色反应初步推断为酚类化合物。

The strain of B-9987 (Bacillus sp.) was obtained by screening 317 bacteria strains isolated from Bohai Sea mud and water during the period 1998-1999. The secreted substances of B-9987 were strongly antibiotic to some plant pathogenic fungi including Alternaria solani, Verticillium dahliae, Cladosporium fulrum, Fusarium oxysporum, Bremia lactucae, Rhizoctonia solani. The substances were studied by ethyl ether extraction, TLC detection, color reactions, and ultraviolet scan. The effect of B-9987 on these fungi was investigated. The results were as follows: Fungi cells of hypha and spore tubes dilated to deformed spherical structure, then the cell walls were broken and the protoplasm leaked out after the treatment with the antibiotic substances. The inhibited hypha cells of F. oxysporum and B. lactucae became obviously shortened. It was supposed that the antibiotic substances were phenolic compounds.